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Osteoarthritis is a degenerative joint disease that often results in pain, stiffness, and decreased joint function. The breakdown of cartilage in the joints leads to pain during movement and puts individuals at risk for decreased physical activity. This condition is particularly related to weight-bearing joints such as the hips, knees, and hands, where movement can exacerbate discomfort. As a result, individuals with osteoarthritis may avoid physical activity to prevent painful flare-ups, leading to a sedentary lifestyle, which can further complicate their health status and mobility.

In contrast, while cardiovascular disease, diabetes, and gastroesophageal reflux disease can also impact physical activity, they do not directly cause joint pain in the same manner that osteoarthritis does. Thus, the direct relationship between joint pain and reduced mobility makes osteoarthritis the most pertinent choice in this context.